The hepatoprotective effects observed in our study suggest that IF may offer additional benefits beyond inflammation control in patients with RA, potentially addressing comorbidities associated with metabolic dysfunction 16
Although research in this area is still scarce, current evidence indicates that photorespiration responds to environmental factors such as CO 2 , O 2 , and light, receives feedback from its own metabolites and enzymes, and is regulated at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels 25,26,27
Elevated levels of homocysteine increase cardiovascular risk by increasing atherosclerosis and hardened arteries
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