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Izzotti A, Balansky RM, Cartiglia C, Camoirano A, Longobardi M, De Flora S (2003) Genomic and transcriptional alterations in mouse fetus liver after transplacental exposure to cigarette smoke

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The issue also remains that Korean smokers who vape have been shown to initiate smoking earlier than non-vapers and earlier initiation of smoking dramatically increases lung cancer risk - after controlling for pack years ( Given several other issues, including the possibility of reverse causation, doubts remain whether the conclusions reliably reflect the data