Attack on DNA may trigger cell apoptosis or gene mutation, affect the normal proliferation and differentiation of thyroid cells, further damage the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormone, and eventually aggravate the hypothyroidism condition (Lushchak, 2014)
Notably, chondrocyte cytoskeleton remodeling is directly related to the progression of OA and is characterized by the RhoA/Rock pathway activation-induced chondrocyte cytoskeleton reorganization, changes in cell shape, and stress fiber formation (39)
This indicates the existence of a GGCT-mediated Gln metabolic shunt in tumor cells: Gln is prioritized for conversion to GSH, which scavenges ROS, alleviates oxidative stress, and ultimately promotes tumor cell proliferation
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