Statins-related potential pathways regulating cholesterol metabolism Statins and gut microbiota Statins are well known as the most commonly used cholesterol-lowering drugs, which can directly reduce plasma cholesterol levels, especially LDL-C (110), by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis and HMGCR
Specifically, butyrate increases the abundance of beneficial taxa, including the Firmicutes phylum, Clostridia class, Lachnospiraceae family, and Clostridium leptum, while reducing the proportion of the Bacteroidetes phylum
On a microscopic level, these sharp crystals can physically damage and shred the delicate peptide structures, a process called denaturation
Oxidative stress induced by hepatitis viruses, such as HBV and HCV, contributes to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma 82