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Ineffectiveness of using NRT and other Pharmacological strategies

Prevalence and Correlates

A systematic review and meta-analysis of brief opportunistic interventions for smoking cessation found that healthcare professionals can be more effective in promoting attempts to stop smoking by offering help to all smokers, rather than offering assistance only to those who state that they want to stop smoking (Aveyard Reference Aveyard, Begh and Parsons2012)

Recognizing this group as a distinct actor in the waterpipe tobacco landscape is essential, particularly for informing culturally sensitive public health messaging and regulatory approaches